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[Post-doc] Théo Martin: Co-evolution between the labour market and agricultural robotics
Post-doc topic labeled by #DigitAg
Co-evolution between the labour market and agricultural robotics
As a postdoctoral fellow at INRAE, I work at the UMR Innovation and in the CoEDITAg project exploring the coevolution between the labor market and agricultural robotics. In particular, I'm studying how the imaginary of workers being replaced by robots is invoked. At the same time, I'm studying the displacements of work and workers related to the robotization of agricultural activities. Trained as an agro-economist, I first worked as an analyst at the FAO and in an agricultural technical institute. In 2023, I defended a PhD in geography and sociology examining the changes in the labour division in dairy farm with milking robot. The common thread running through my work is a confrontation between the imaginary of robots and their effects on work and workers. Born of the science fiction of the twentieth century, robots are mainly defined by their imaginary: the replacement of workers by autonomous machines. From the hope of liberation from arduous work to the fear of replacement that would challenge the social order, this imaginary continues to shape our representations. However, many social science studies have revealed since the 1960s a displacement in the function of workers and the nature of their activity, rather than the disappearance of work. As part of my PhD thesis, I outlined these displacements in french farms equipped with milking robots. As a post-doctoral fellow, I aim to understand how robotics are mobilized on fruit and vegetable farms that are dependent on seasonal workers. For this purpose, I am developing a comparative approach between France and England, in partnership with the University of Gloucestershire (Countryside and Community Research Institute) in England. The UK provides a unique case study where agricultural robotics has been the subject of new attention in the post-Brexit reconfiguration of the labor market. Digital agriculture is revisiting questions that have accompanied the evolution of the agricultural sector for centuries. For example, the development of robots renews the rhetoric of the "end of the peasant", while crossing it with the science-fiction imaginary. Both in terms of the hopes it is raising and the effects it is having, digital farming calls to take an in-depth look at how the sector is evolving.
Starting date: 1st December 2023
Scientific field: Geography, sociology
Funding: Projet CoEDITAg (PEPR AgroEcoNum)
Supervisor(s): Pierre Gasselin, UMR Innovation, Inrae
#DigitAg : Axe 1 : Impact des technologies de l'information et de la communication sur le monde rural, Axe 2 : Innovations en agriculture numérique, Challenge 1 : Le challenge agroécologique, Challenge 6 : La gestion des territoires agricoles, Challenge 7 : Intégration de l’agriculture dans les chaînes de valeur
Abstract: Labour shortages in the agricultural sector affect many European countries. This shortage of workers raises questions about the sector's ability to make a more labour-intensive transition. The difficulty in finding workers illustrates the low attractiveness of a sector that has been strongly marked by the crisis of the productivist model. It also reflects the profound changes in work in our societies. This is why agricultural robotics is often put forward as a solution to the labour shortage. But what about their ability to free farmers from the need for hired labour? In the light of the few existing studies, we hypothesise that robots have more to do with changing the role of workers than replacing them. We shall therefore investigate the role of robotics in transforming the labour market and the place of migrant workers on farms equipped with robots.
2024. Théo Martin, Eléonore Schnebelin « Agriculture numérique : une promesse au service d’un nouvel esprit du productivisme », Natures Sciences Sociétés, DOI : 10.1051/nss/2023046
2022. Théo Martin, Gasselin Pierre, Hostiou Nathalie, Feron Gilles, Laurens Lucette, Purseigle François et Ollivier Guillaume, 2022, « Robots and transformations of work in farm: a systematic review of the literature and a research agenda », Agronomy for Sustainable Development, vol. 42, nᵒ 4, p. 66. DOI: 10.1007/s13593-022-00796-2
PEER-REVIEWED SCIENTIFIC PAPERS
2022. Théo Martin, « Robot de traite : continuités et ruptures dans la division du travail », Colloque Politiques de la machine agricole - Approches sociologiques et historiques des trajectoires de mécanisation de l’agriculture (1945-2021), juin 2022, Paris, France
2021. Théo Martin, David Quentin, Pierre Gasselin. Diversité et spatialité de la France laitière par le prisme des entreprises du robot de traite. 15es Journées de Recherches en Sciences Sociales (JRSS), INRA, SFER, CIRAD, Déc. 2021, Toulouse, France.
2021. Théo Martin, Pierre Gasselin, Nathalie Hostiou, Gilles Feron, Lucette Laurens, Purseigle François, « Robots and Transformations of Work on Farms: A Systematic Review » The 2nd International Symposium on Work in Agriculture, Mar 2021, Clermont-Ferrand, France
PRESENTATIONS AT SEMINARS & STUDY DAYS
2024. Théo Martin, « Les sentinelles de l’étable. Robotisation de la traite et nouvelle division du travail dans l'élevage laitier français ». T-tags. Séminaire des doctorants DigitAg
2023. Théo Martin, « Le robot, l'éleveur et le technicien. Coopérations et conflits autour du maintien d’une traite continue », Journée d’étude Inrae – GERDAL, Paris, 30 novembre 2023
2023. Pierre Gasselin, Lucette Laurens, Théo Martin, Marie Barisaux, Philippine Dupé, « La géographie du travail agricole : un front de recherche ». Géographie du travail agricole. Séminaires des géographes du département ACT. Déc. 2023
2023. Théo Martin, « De l’usage géographique de la division du travail : le cas de la traite robotisée ». Géographie du travail agricole. Séminaires des géographes du département ACT. Déc. 2023
2023. Théo Martin, « La traite robotisée, une machine pour tous ou presque », Séminaire « Nouvelles pratiques agricoles et transformations du travail », Réseau interunités Travail Inrae ACT, mars 2023, Montpellier
2023. Théo Martin, Schnebelin Eléonore « Agriculture numérique : une promesse au service d’un nouvel esprit du productivisme », Séminaire Critique de l’intelligence artificielle, janvier 2023, ENS Paris Saclay
2023. Théo Martin, « Les sentinelles de l’étable. Robotisation de la traite et nouvelle division du travail dans l'élevage laitier français ». Forum Politiques de la Machine Agricole (POLMA), déc. 2023
2022. Théo Martin, « La mise en débat du travail dans les collectifs - Le cas du robot en AOP Reblochon », Rencontre nationales Travail en Agriculture, novembre 2022, Clermont-Ferrand
2022. Théo Martin, Pierre Gasselin, « Le robot de traite : une nouvelle division spatiale du travail ? », Journées Travail & Anthropocène - mai 2022, Université Lumière Lyon 2
2021. Théo Martin, Pierre Gasselin, Nathalie Hostiou, Gilles Feron, Lucette Laurens, Purseigle François, « Robotisation & Transformations du Travail en Agriculture. Revue Systématique de Littérature ». RMT Travail en Agriculture
2020. Pierre Gasselin, Françoise Jarrige, Théo Martin, Marc Moraine, Brigitte Nougarèdes, Coline Perrin. La souveraineté alimentaire. Concept et conditions d'une mise en œuvre durable. Séminaire de l'UMR Innovation
2020. Louise de La Haye Saint Hilaire, Théo Martin, « La rente de l’économie territoriale ou le monopole de rente de David Harvey : regards croisés sur une géographie de la rente ». Groupe de Lectures Géographiques
Thesis manuscript
2023. Théo Martin. « Les Sentinelles de l’Étable. Robotisation de la traite et nouvelle division du travail dans l’élevage laitier français » Doctorat en géographie et aménagement de l’espace, Montpellier, France : Université Paul Valéry Montpellier 3. https://theses.fr/2023MON30021
Modification date: 03 April 2024 | Publication date: 28 March 2024 | By: GL
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